How to Count Cards in Blackjack (Beginner’s Guide)

What Is Card Counting?

Card counting is a mathematical strategy used in Blackjack to determine whether the next hand is likely to give a probable advantage to the player or to the dealer. Unlike other casino games which are purely based on luck, Blackjack has a 'memory'. The cards dealt in previous rounds affect the composition of the remaining deck.

It is not about memorizing every single card that has been played. Instead, it uses a system of values to track the ratio of high cards to low cards remaining in the shoe.

Is Counting Cards Legal?

Yes, card counting is legal. It is simply using your brain to process information that is publicly available to everyone at the table. As long as you are not using an external device (active machine, computer, or smartphone app) to help you count, you are not breaking any laws in the US or UK.

However, casinos are private property. If they suspect you are counting cards—usually by watching for bet spreads that correlate with the count—they have the right to refuse service and ask you to leave or play a different game.

How Card Counting Works (High–Low Explained)

The most popular and effective system for beginners is the Hi-Lo System. It is a balanced system that is easy to learn but powerful enough to beat the casino.

Assigning Values

Every card in the deck is assigned a specific value. You must memorize these. For a deep dive, read our guide on the High-Low System Explained.

• Low Cards (2, 3, 4, 5, 6): +1
• Neutral Cards (7, 8, 9): 0
• High Cards (10, J, Q, K, A): -1

When a low card is removed from the deck, it is good for the player, so the count goes UP (+1). When a high card is removed, it is bad for the player, so the count goes DOWN (-1).

Running Count

The Running Count is the cumulative total of all the cards you have seen since the shuffle. You start at 0 and add/subtract the value of every card dealing out.

Example: Dealer shows a King (-1), you have a 5 (+1) and a 6 (+1). The Running Count is +1.

True Count

In modern casinos, multiple decks (shoes) are used. To get the actual advantage, you must convert your Running Count into a True Count.

If your Running Count is +10 and there are 5 decks left, your True Count is +2. This is the number you use to adjust your bets. Read more about RC vs TC here.

Common Mistakes Beginners Make

• Losing the Count: Don't try to be too fast at first. Accuracy matters more than speed.
• Over-betting: Only increase your bet when the True Count justifies it. Learn proper Betting Spreads.
• Ignoring Basic Strategy: Card counting only works if you play perfect Basic Strategy first.

Check out 5 Common Myths to avoid other pitfalls.

Does Card Counting Still Work in 2026?

Yes. While casinos have introduced continuous shuffling machines (CSMs) on some tables which make counting impossible, many tables still use traditional shoes with 6 or 8 decks. As long as there is penetration (cards dealt before shuffling), card counting works. See why casinos ban counters.

Can You Practice Card Counting Online?
Yes, tools like the one above are the best way to practice. However, live online casino dealers often shuffle the deck halfway through (50% penetration), which drastically reduces the profitability of counting. Read the full truth about online counting here.